Wide Sargasso Sea Revisited Elizabeth Nunez’s Bruised...

Elizabeth Nunez writes Bruised Hibiscus (2000) offering some of the most complicated issues of female identity, oppression and quest for liberation in male centered postcolonial Caribbean society with strong resonances to Jean Rhys’ Wide Sargasso Sea (1966). Nunez’s central characters Zuela and Rosa Appleton undergo a series of annihilation of their identities and exploitation and oppression from their husbands. By situating Rosa in a similar position as of Antoinette Cosway in Wide Sargasso Sea, Nunez creates yet another story of a Caribbean creole who suffers denial and becomes a victim of male-centred society ending up her life in complete doom and negation without any hope of autonomy and existence. However, Nunez projects some hope of†¦show more content†¦Bhabha contends that mimicry: †¦ is the process of the fixation of the colonial as a form of cross-classificatory, discriminatory knowledge within an interdictory discourse, and therefore, necessarily raises the question of the authorization of colonial representations; a question of authority that goes beyond the subject’s lack of priority (castration) to a historical crisis in the conceptuality of man as an object of regulatory power, as the subject of racial, cultural, national representation. (90) Therefore Cedric merely replicates the colonials and remains a mimic man who aspires to go to England, get English education and become successful, and thereby denying the Caribbean identity and its differences. Rhys’ protagonist, Antoinette Cosway, in Wide Sargasso Sea suffers racial antagonism, sexual exploitation and male suppression. Though the contexts of Rosa and Antoinette’s childhood circumstances are very different they face overtly similar situation of oppression and identity crisis in their journey of claiming their autonomy and respect. Rosa is subjected to her husband, Cedric’s irrational blames and very often his inferiority complex of being a colonized, dehumanized by whites in the colony. On the other

Challenges Of Accounting In Global Organizations Financial Issues

Question: Discuss about theChallenges of Accounting in Global Organizations for Financial Issues. Answer: Introduction Background Information: In the current time of corporate financial environment, a serious and kinds of accounting/financial issues and challenges are faced by todays global organizations that have negative impact not only on their financial situation but also on business reputation, growth, level of revenue sale. In the same way, the accounting challenges are affecting overall business operations, strategies, and processes of organizations at the global level. Moreover, it is also important to know that, the main causes behind such challenges are up gradation in the technology, foreign laws, different accounting financial regulations and rules, complex structure of international accounting, global pricing structure etc. But, such types of accounting related issues can be handled by the global organizations by adopting most appropriate, dynamic and effective accounting practices, policies and strategies at the workplace (Salmanulfarisi, 2012). Moreover, in this research paper, a brief literature review wou ld be conducted in order to analyze and understand the Challenges of Accounting in Global Organizations. Objectives of Literature Review: There are a lot of objectives of conducting this literature review such as: To identify the various types of accounting challenges encounter by the organizations at the global/international level To analyze the main causes behind the global accounting issues or challenges To access the impact of global/international accounting challenges on the business operations, profitability, marketability and revenue level of the global organizations To suggest different types of procedures, methods, practices and techniques to handle the accounting challenges faced by global firms All these objectives would be attained through conducting literature review in order to fulfill the aims of this paper. Scope of Literature Review: This literature review has wider scopes. For example, this research would provide opportunity to the readers, students and researcher to properly and effective understand the nature of global business organizations and impact of accounting challenges on their business. Moreover, this study is also provide scope to access a serious of accounting as well as financial challenges that have negative impact on the success of the global business organizations. At the same time, the study can also be used for the further research. Literature Review According to Salmanulfarisi (2012), today, there are a lot of examples of global organizations that had faced accounting/financial issues at the international level. Moreover, it is found that, global competition and complex business environment are the two major responsible factors that created accounting challenges for the global firms. For example, the global competition had forced the multinational companies to adopt and use international accounting standard and regulations in conducting their business functions. On the other hand, it should also be noted down that, todays companies are strongly required to focus and adopt International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) around the world. So, using and understanding of IFRS is more complicated task for the companies and their accountants. This created challenges for the management accountants because they have to adopt such challenging and complicated international accounting standards. In the same way, due to IFRS, global comp anies are facing control issues at the workplace (Kumar, Reddy and Ramaiah, 2014). Additionally, Zeghal and Mhedhbi (2006) analyzed that; accountants are not fully trained, and prepare to use such global financial standards in conducting accounting and financial functions. But, such global accounting rules and laws helped and provided the opportunities to the global companies, their management, staff and accountants international standards to understand the importance and significance of IFRS. Moreover, in the support of Anbalagan (2011) defined that, by using IFRS, they are able to perform several global accounting and financial functions more effectively and accurately. For example, with the effective use of IFRS, accountants had increased the level of sale, profit and productivity effectively. At the same time, it is also accessed that, IFRS had also forced the international accountants to use accounting as a rules of systems and conduct accounting task in prescribe the format and content of financial statements in order to access the financial situation of the firm. Chen, Yasar and Rejesus (2008) defined that; pervasive technology is also a key factor that had created accounting challenges for the global companies. For instance, global competition had strongly forced the global organizations to adopt pervasive technology such as accounting software/packages, new and innovative technology in conducting of their accounting, auditing, and financial tasks. But the main issue for the global accountants and auditor is to learn and use such technology which they are not familiar and well-known. For instance, Pervasive technology had forced the accountants/managers of global organizations to maintain the balance among the productivity advantages and potential pitfalls (Bragg, 2011). On the other hand, Pervasive technology provided a lot of tangible and intangible benefits to the global companies and their accountants. For example, through the effective and proper use of Pervasive technology, the accountants are able to conduct various accounting functio ns such as: billing, auditing, taxation, payroll, in easier and effective manner. In addition to this, pervasive technology had provided different benefits including cloud access, electronic invoicing etc. In this way, it helped the global companies in enhancing the abilities and skills of their accountants to meet compliance requirements without any specialized skills, knowledge and experience of accountants (Zainuddin and Sulaiman, 2015). Burns and Needles (2014) found that, most of business firms are conducting their business functions and operations globally and trying to build strong workforce from multiple countries. In this situation, the accountants as well as finance managers are required to effectively and properly understand the business culture as well as business perspectives of global nations. So, they needed to well-known and familiar with the global regulations, international laws and new accounting standards. Hence, globalized economy is crating the accounting challenges for the global companies and their workforce. In contrast, globalization had played a major role in the success of global companies. For instance, globalization is helping the firms to adopt new, innovative and effective legislation and improve their accounting and financial performance at the global level. Talha, Raja and Seetharaman (2010) stated that, the changes or modification in the current business environment is also considered one of the most reasons that created several accounting, financial, and auditing related challenges for the business firms at the global level. For example, todays global organizations are required to use and accept changing business era as their work in order to survive in the global market. Overall, it can be said that, global competition as well as business complexity are the fundamental environmental forced that created various kinds of accounting challenges in the front of global business firms or multinational companies. For example, changes in the business era had also forced the global firms and their accountants to manage and control tax matters, legal matters, human resources, risk assessment, information management by using internal standards and laws of accounting. In the words of DAUDA, OMBUGADU and Umbugadu (2015), as the global business environment is characterized with the different cultural values, economic traditions, languages, social civilization, global companies are also required to use, adopt and follow different kinds of accounting principles, standards, practices in conducting their business functions related to finance, accounting and auditing. Simply, this statement indicates that, the main factor behind the accounting issues is The Emergence of New International Accounting Standards. But, such new standards helped the stakeholders of the global companies to compare and understand the financial health of the companies properly. It means through the use of new standards, global companies are able to improve their ability in the global market and gain competitive scope over the others. Hence, new rules of accounting helped the global companies to bring development and innovation within their financial and accounting functions. Bhagat, McDevitt and Baliga (2017) analyzed that, firm consolidation is also considered and known as most significant factor that is creating accounting issues for the global companies. For example, in the present time, increased costs in all the business sector, minimizing expanses overheads, increasing offerings and sharing resources are the major issues for the global companies. In order to deal with such issues, consolidation is one of the best methods used by an accountant to deal with such serious issues. Moreover, in support of Goswami (2014) analyzed that; tax compliance is also a key issue in the front of global business firms. It is because today, accounting is presenting global issues to the multinational companies. It means dissimilar taxation systems, compliance, rates, of different nations is making accounting and financial functions more complex and challenging for the global business firms. But, a company can handle and control such kinds of accounting issues or chal lenges, if it adopts best accounting standards, international accounting standards and new technology. In addition to this, Parmar (2015) analyzed that, cultural differences and gaps in the communications of the nations are also affecting the business success and operations of a global company in the market. For instance, the accountants and financial managers of the global companies are not able to communicate effectively with the others due to differences in the language, values, ideas, culture, customs and norms. This is creating issues for the global companies and their accountants in the international market environment. On the other hand, it is also accessed that, in the current time, the global companies are also facing the issues due to worldwide accounting/auditing issues, political risks, and Universal payment methods, global pricing strategy, different cost calculation, differ accounting rules etc (Gurnani, 2015). Gaps Identified and Conclusions On the basis of above analysis, and facts identified, it is concluded that, in the present time, global business firms or multinational companies are facing serious issues or challenges related to accounting, reporting, auditing, financial systems. All these challenges are mainly created and generated by the globalization. In addition to this, it is also summarized that, due to competition, globalization, changes in the business environment, most of global firms are facing accounting issues at the workplace. Moreover, all these challenges are negatively affecting the overall success and business operations of the global firms directly or indirectly. In addition to this, it can also be summarized that, in order to effectively deal and manage such accounting challenges or issues, global organizations must adopt and implement best financial and accounting principles, standards, rules, and regulations. Moreover, all these should be used by the accountants and auditors of the global compa nies in order to avoid such accounting challenges. References Bragg, S.M. (2011). The New CFO Financial Leadership Manual. USA: John Wiley Sons. Parmar, B. (2015). Ethical Issues in Accounting Finance. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH, 4(5), pp, 309-311. Goswami, M. (2014). Corporate Environmental Accounting: the issue, its practices and challenges: A study on Indian corporate accounting practices. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 16(5), pp, 36-42. DAUDA, I.A., OMBUGADU, B.A. and Umbugadu, S. (2015). Threats and Challenges to Accounting Profession: A Draw Back to the Development of Accounting Practices in Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 5(4), pp. 96104. Chen, Y, M., Yasar, T. and Rejesus, R. (2008). Factors influencing the incidence of bribery payouts by firms: A cross country analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 7(7), pp, 231-244. Salmanulfarisi, A. (2012). Accounting cycle and the development of Accounting Practices in Nigeria Arabian. Journal of Business and Management Review (Nigerian chapter), 1(1), pp, 36-45. Zeghal, D. and Mhedhbi, K. (2006). An analysis of the factors affecting the adoption of international accounting standards by developing countries. The International Journal of Accounting, (41), pp. 373386. Zainuddin, Z.N. and Sulaiman, S. (2015). Challenges Faced by Management Accountants in The 21st Century. Procedia Economics and Finance, (37), pp, 466 470 Gurnani, R.M. (2015). Globalization and ethical challenges. The Business Management Review, 5(4), pp. 116-122. Anbalagan C. (2011). Impact of International Business Ethics, Economic systems and Intellectual Property Rights in Business and Management. International Journal of Marketing and Management Research, 2(1), pp, 2229-6883. Kumar, K.S., Reddy, G.P. and Ramaiah, G. (2014). The Importance of Business Ethics in Globalisation. International Journal of Advancements in Research Technology, 3(4), pp, 293 294. Talha, M., Raja, J. and Seetharaman, A. (2010). A new look at management accounting. Journal of Applied Business Research, 26(4), pp.83-87. Burns, J.O. and Needles, B.E. (2014). Accounting Education for the 21st Century: The Global Challenges. USA: Elsevier. Bhagat, R.S., McDevitt, A.S. and Baliga, B.R. (2017). Global Organizations: Challenges, Opportunities, and the Future. USA: Oxford University Press.

Mun Policy Statement Example Essay Example

Mun Policy Statement Example Essay LANDMINE CLEARANCE policy statetment Landmines have existed since the 19th century; many people from all around the world have been victims to bombs. Landmines continue to kill nearly 20,000 people every year, even decades after the ending of the conflicts for which they were placed. Land mines were designed for two main uses: to create defensive tactical barriers and slowing an invasion forces progress to allow reinforcements to arrive. But today it’s claiming more lives every week. Land mines are weapons of mass destruction in slow motion. Currently, The International Campaign to Ban Landmines, ICBL, is urging all governments to protest against Syria’s use of Landmines on its borders with Turkey and Lebanon. The Syrian army has been seen planting landmines along routes used to reach Turkey. It is reported that thousands of Syrians used these paths to flee to safety over the border, which is why locals have begun to restore access by removing the mines at great personal risk. Already reports have been received that a family of five was injured recently when trying to cross the minefields. Germany signed the Ottawa Treaty on the 3rd of December 1997. It has been helping the NSAWG (NON-STATE ACTORS WORKING GROUP) which was a movement inside ICBL that consists of campaigns to stop anti-personal landmines. This matter should be taken seriously and considered cautiously. The delegate would like to suggest that the UN create a demining battalion that would help the countries that need to get rid of their unwanted and dangerous mines. This way the UN would support restoring these fields to a good environment and it wouldn’t cost any more innocent civilian lives. Clauses: rges that the UN creates a organization that trains and handle minesweepers that has been hired by this organization. This Organization will supply the best equipmentand PPE ( Proctective Personal Equipment) for the minesweepers to be sure that they come back alive from the clearance on the minefield and the job is done. Minesweepers is the humanitarian way of clearing mines. This way the surrounding environment and the minefield itself would be preserved. This organization will give help to countries that needs help with their mine field clearing. Our target is to clear and preserve, this clause says it all. We will write a custom essay sample on Mun Policy Statement Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mun Policy Statement Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mun Policy Statement Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer LAKE VICTORIA 2nd policy statement Honorable chairs and esteemed delegates, Water is on of the basic needs of a human being. Water is important to all beings. Clean water comes from a clean source but lake victoria is no longer a clean source of water. It’s water now contains raw sewage and rubbish. It is no longer available for human use. Fisherman also depend on this lake for their daily catches and their business. The excesive pollution has led extinction to most of the flora and fauna living around or in the lake. Also, diseases are spreading villages and towns near the lake. Over 30 million people living in poverty, depend on this lake, but it’s state is getting worse and worse by the minute. Lake victoria promoting water as a shared resource in Lake Victoria and the surrounding areas can be possible with the help of you delegates. To solve ths problem, the delegate believes that we should stop the factories and any cause of pollution from coming into the lake itself. This way the lake could be cleaned without having any other problems bothering it. Also, the lake would once again be available to animals to live and breed in.

To Curry Favor

To Curry Favor To Curry Favor To Curry Favor By Maeve Maddox A reader asks, Does the expression Curry Favour have anything to do with curry? Short answer: â€Å"No.† But the long answer is pretty cool. The gastronomical word curry derives from a Tamil word for sauce, whereas, the curry in the expression â€Å"to curry favour/favor† is a verb meaning â€Å"to comb a horse.† curry (noun): A preparation of meat, fish, fruit, or vegetables, cooked with a quantity of bruised spices and turmeric, and used as a relish or flavoring, especially for dishes composed of or served with rice. Hence, a curry = a dish or stew (of rice, meat, etc.) flavored with this preparation (or with curry-powder). curry (verb): to rub down a horse with a comb. The word favor in â€Å"to curry favor† is the product of folk etymology. The original expression was â€Å"to curry Favel,† in which Favel is the name of a fictional horse. Satirical allegories featuring anthropomorphized animals were popular in the Middle Ages. The name Favel came into English from the French tale Le Roman de Fauvel, in which a horse named Fauvel parodied the hypocritical behavior of the courtiers and ecclesiastical lords of the French royal court. The horse’s name derives from his color: he’s a â€Å"fallow horse.† As an adjective, fallow refers to a pale brownish or reddish yellow color. It’s probably cognate with Latin pallere, â€Å"to be pale.† Both English and German had an idiom that may have preceded the French tale: â€Å"to ride the fallow horse.† The expression meant, â€Å"to practice duplicity.† One academic theory as to why riding a fallow horse was associated with hypocrisy is that the expression may have originated with â€Å"the pale horse† in the Apocalypse (Book of Revelation). The rider of the pale horse, â€Å"one whose name is Death,† was thought by some commentators to represent the duplicitous Antichrist. When the word Favel became meaningless to English speakers, they substituted it with the familiar word favor. In sum, to curry chicken is to cook it with curry. To curry favor is to seek to gain an advantage by means of flattery and hypocrisy. Here are some recent examples of the use of curry in the nonfood sense: Leadership PACs generally attempt to curry favor with other lawmakers, hoping to win support for legislation or other political aspirations. If we change [the law], Mr. Lynn said, were going to see politicians running around seeking support of churches and hoping that they can curry favor with those churches by promising them money and favors. Not only did he flout those laws in order to curry favor with a prospective employer, but he also illegally disclosed the identity of a whistleblower, as the Complaint alleges. The lobbying campaign, reconstructed by  Newsweek  and The Daily Beast through interviews and documents, speaks volumes about the efforts of big business to curry favor, even among perceived enemies.   Curry may also be followed by approval and good will: Jorge is explaining to his men that Nikita Khrushchev has permitted a few chosen writers to travel abroad,  hoping to curry approval  from the worlds cultural elite. Kuwait used its resources to  curry good will  among Arab countries, especially Egypt. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Punctuating â€Å"So† at the Beginning of a SentenceAcronym vs. Initialism50 Plain-Language Substitutions for Wordy Phrases

Culture and communication in the global hospitality workplace Essay

Culture and communication in the global hospitality workplace - Essay Example Thus, in order to improve the productivity of hotel business, it is necessary to understand the consumers’ needs. It is worth mentioning that in order to overcome the cultural conflicts and misunderstandings, an intellectual training program was introduced in 1960 (Gong, 2008). The primary goal of this intellectual training program was to avoid the clash of different cultural values and norms. The training also helps to improve the performance of employees and efficiency of an organization (Gong, 2008). Contextually, the objective of this essay is to identify the relevancy of culture and communication to the global hospitality workplace. Cultural conflicts occur at instances when people stop communicating with other who belongs from different cultures, which leads to miscommunication or break of further communication. In hospitality industry, the management body requires understanding the varied needs and demands of customers from different cultures, and wherein only good communication skill can help them to increase their understandings. This in turn supports the organization to increase its productivity. However, it is also required for the managers to identify the causes of conflicts and solve those accordingly. The managers should also develop an intellectual communication skill to be successful in the global hospitality market (Gong, 2008). In the hospitality management process, there are four rules to establish intellectual communication skill. One of such rules is that it is necessary to understand the cultural differences. Moreover, it is also needed to describe or evaluate other’s behavior. It is also important to understand the viewpoints of other people. In addition, one should not hesitate to gather information of others and their culture as it reduces the possibility of misinterpretation or miscommunication. Communicating effectively in a hospitality

The Heineken Marketing Dispute Over Product Cost Essay - 2

The Heineken Marketing Dispute Over Product Cost - Essay Example Heineken refused to supply Forty Foot, a newly owned pub of Wetherspoon’s. Heineken could lose a lot of profits if it ends its relationship with the pub chains of Ireland. Wetherspoon’s chain is well known for selling food and drinks at cheap prices in the UK. It’s an entry into the Irish market would mean that competition would increase and prices would be driven down; Heineken is not happy with this, so it has demanded its distributors in Ireland including Wetherspoon’s and Dublin to sell its products at high prices (Pogatchnik 2014). Wetherspoon’s has a plan of opening 30 pubs in Ireland by buying failed businesses in the country as an entry strategy. This article is relevant to the concept of marketing channels. The types of marketing channels are direct selling, selling through intermediaries, dual distribution, and reverse channels. The method used by Heineken in this article is the dual distribution mechanism whereby the company uses more than one channel simultaneously in the same market. For example, Heineken sells to Whetherspoon’s and Duplin at the same time to reach the market of Ireland. The concept of marketing channels suggests that the dual distribution channel may cause conflict among channels (Venugopal 2001, p.67). This is what happened with Heineken as some of its distributors rejected its products. The company also utilizes intermediaries and agents to sell its products which involve Manufacturer-Agent-Wholesaler-Retailer-Consumer. This marketing channel is used to reach the market indirectly to target markets (Venugopal 2001, p.130). For example, Heineken sells to the market through pubs such as Duplin and Whetherspoon’s which in turn sell to retailers or sell directly to consumers.

Describing the Social and Cultural Dimensions in My Organization Essay Example for Free

Describing the Social and Cultural Dimensions in My Organization Essay Social and cultural theories strive to explain how people relate to each other and/or the surrounding environment. Organizational culture represents a common perception held by the organization’s member. This was made explicit when we defined culture as a system of shared meaning. Therefore, those individuals with different backgrounds or at different levels in the organization will tend to describe the organization’s culture in similar terms. Most large organizations have a dominant culture and numerous sets of subcultures. A dominant culture expresses the core values that are shared by a majority of the organization’s members. When we talk about an organization’s culture, we are referring to its dominant culture. It is this macro view of culture that gives an organization its distinct personality. Subcultures tend to develop in large organizations to reflect common problems, situations, or experiences that members face. These subcultures are likely to be defined by department designations and geographical separation. The purchasing department, for example, can have a subculture that is uniquely shared by members of that department. It will include the core values of the dominant culture plus additional values unique to members of the purchasing department. Similarly, an office or unit of the organization that is physically separated from the organization’s main operations may take on a different personality. Again, the core values are essentially retained but modified to reflect the separated unit’s distinct situation. If organizations had no dominant culture and were composed only of numerous subcultures, the value of organizational culture as an independent variable would be significantly lessened because there would be no uniformity in the interpretation of the values that represented appropriate and inappropriate behavior. It is the â€Å"shared meaning† aspect of culture that makes it such a potent device for guiding and shaping values in the cultural behavior. But it is not to be ignored that the reality which many organizations contained also has subcultures that can influence the behavior of their members. The field of sociology focuses on cultures that are ethnically or geographically defined. However, the study of any culture is referred to as â€Å"a group of people who work (or play) together and journey towards a shared meaning and assumption†(Griswold, p.133). Griswold (1994) also shared that â€Å"culture† is one of those words that people use all the time but have trouble defining. Peterson (1979) states that when sociologists talk about culture, they usually mean one of four things: norms, values, beliefs, or expressive symbols. Norms are the way people behave in a given society; values are what people hold dear; beliefs are how people think the universe operates and expressive symbols are representations of the culture. Moreover, Lincoln and Kalleberg (1990) hold that â€Å"the quality of relationships between workers and their co-workers is positively associated with commitment and satisfaction.† If the people within a school do not connect and work together toward a common goal or passion, the culture is said to be stagnant or unproductive. Lincoln and Kalleberg provide three models of organizations. The consensus model holds shared goals and values within an organization that are the norm and dissidence is a problem requiring correction. The cleavage model has distinct groups within an organization that have different interests, especially fault lines that exist between job levels. The fragmentation model shows that are riddled with ambiguity where people hold multiple perspectives. It is plausible that most working environment can fall under all three models or have factions of each model within one department. I am now attached with SMK (P) Methodist, Pulau Pinang as an operational clerk. My services here include the basic operation of the school administration and also involved accounting for the staff and stock inventories in the school. I am under the Ministry of Education and the Jabatan Pelajaran Pulau Pinang. My school consists of 42 academic staff, 8 non-academic staff and 640 students. We have a unique ethnic diversity whereby most of the teachers are Chinese, four Indians and ten Malays. The students are also diversified into the three main ethnicity in Malaysia with minimal number of mixed ethnic students. My Principal is a Chinese lady. Her name is Wong Soon Kee. She is a very fierce and strict head of department. I do not have a very close rapport with her. She does not have very much concern for the teachers as well. It has been a very stressful environment for me and most of the staff here. But, the teachers have been very helpful and understanding to me. They are very friendly and accommodative towards me. At the office, there is a typist and a general worker to assist with my work here. This really helps ease my work and release my pressure of working here. My works is about service conformation of the teachers and support workers, prepare salary and pension worksheets and do the necessaries if there is any changes. My work also involved accounting such as preparing the accounts, paying bills, and bookkeeping. Every month, I have to settle the bill and make orders for items needed by the school. Any bills that I received will have to be settled in 2 weeks time which is a very short dateline for me. However, it is the ethics of the Jabatan Pelajaran Pulau Pinang. We have to abide by the rules set by the upper hands. If I have any meeting by the JPN, I will meet up with my friends from other schools. During this time, we will exchange our experiences about work and how to handle certain situations that arise. It is very useful and helped me a lot to improve my performance to do better than before. Every year, auditors from Jabatan Audit Sekolah will come to school to do auditing on the school accounts. They will take a week to check the accounts and identify whether all the transactions are according to the rules or not. Nevertheless, there will never be a session where they had never found any errors. If we had done a lot of errors, our school will be categorized under â€Å"Audit Bersyarat† and the JPN will send us for a course on how to improve our accounting skills to upgrade our performance. With the teachers’ high spirit and determination to guide the students, the PMR (Penilaian Menengah Rendah/Lower Secondary Assessment) and the SPM (Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia/Malaysian Certificate of Education) results are very encouraging. Most of the students show fortitude and willpower be it in their academic or co-curricular activities. All these achievements had helped them to be successful and quite a number of them had furthered their studies abroad. As a conclusion, a social and cultural dimension in an organization is important. It is because, it portrays the relationship between employees in completing their daily tasks and ensuring that the tasks are done well with high quality. Culture Beginnings and the Impact of Founders as Leaders spring from three sources: 1. beliefs, values, and assumptions of founders